Aikace-aikacen bakin karfe

Tauri

Bakin karfe bututu da aka fi amfani da brinell, Rockwell, Vickers alamun tauri uku don auna taurinsa.

Brinell taurin

A cikin ma'aunin bututun bakin karfe, taurin brinell shine mafi yawan amfani da shi, sau da yawa zuwa diamita indentation don bayyana taurin kayan, duka da hankali da dacewa.Duk da haka, bai dace da bututun ƙarfe ko bakin ciki ba.

Rockwell taurin

Gwajin taurin Rockwell na bututun bakin karfe iri daya ne da gwajin taurin brinell, wanda shine hanyar gwajin indentation.Bambanci shine yana auna zurfin ciki.Gwajin taurin Rockwell hanya ce da ake amfani da ita sosai a halin yanzu, wanda HRC ita ce ta biyu kawai ga Brinell hardness HB a daidaitaccen bututun ƙarfe.Ana iya amfani da taurin Rockwell don ƙayyade daga mai laushi zuwa kayan ƙarfe mai wuyar gaske, yana yin hanyar Brinell ba haka ba ne, ya fi sauƙi fiye da hanyar brinell, yana iya zama kai tsaye daga na'urar taurin bugun kira na karanta ƙimar taurin.Koyaya, saboda ƙaramar shigar, ƙimar taurin ba daidai bane kamar hanyar buchwald.

Vickers taurin

Bakin karfe tube Vickers taurin gwajin ne kuma indentation gwajin hanya, za a iya amfani da su domin sanin taurin sosai bakin karfe kayan da surface Layer.Yana da babban fa'idar hanyoyin Brinell da Rockwell kuma yana shawo kan rashin amfanin su na asali, amma ba shi da sauƙi kamar hanyoyin Rockwell kuma ba safai ake amfani da shi a matsayin bututun ƙarfe ba.

Gwajin taurin

Diamita na ciki na bututun bakin karfe ya fi 6.0mm, kaurin bangon bai wuce 13mm ba.Za'a iya gwada bututun bakin karfe da aka rufe ta W-B75 Nau'in Taurin Taurin Wechsler.Yana da sauri sosai kuma mai sauƙi, kuma ya dace da saurin dubawa mara lalacewa na bututun ƙarfe.Bakin karfe bututu ciki diamita ne mafi girma fiye da 30mm, bango kauri ne mafi girma 1.2mm bakin karfe bututu, rockwell taurin gwajin, gwajin HRB, HRC taurin.Bututun bakin karfe tare da diamita na ciki sama da 30mm da kauri kasa da 1.2mm an gwada su don taurin HRT ko HRN ta saman Rockwell hardness tester.Don bututun bakin karfe tare da diamita na ciki kasa da 0mm kuma sama da 4.8mm, ana amfani da gwajin taurin rockwell don gwada taurin HR15T.Lokacin da diamita na ciki na bututun bakin karfe ya fi 26mm, zaka iya amfani da Rockwell ko saman Rockwell hardness tester don gwada taurin bangon ciki na bututun.

Ci gaban bakin karfe

Duk iyakar biyun ɓangaren buɗewa da rataye, da tsayinsa da kewayensa na babban ƙarfe, ana iya kiransa bututun ƙarfe.Lokacin da tsayin da kewayen sashe na kwatancen ya yi ƙanƙanta, ana iya kiransa sashin bututu ko kayan aikin bututu, duk suna cikin nau'in samfuran bututu.

Fiye da shekaru 60, masu gine-gine suna amfani da bakin karfe don gina gine-gine na dindindin masu tsada.Yawancin gine-ginen da ake da su suna nuna daidaitaccen zaɓin wannan zaɓi.Wasu na ado sosai, kamar Ginin Chrysler a cikin birnin New York.Amma a cikin wasu aikace-aikace da yawa, bakin karfe ba ya da ban mamaki amma muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ƙayatarwa da aikin gine-gine.Bakin karfe, alal misali, shine kayan da aka zaba don masu zanen gine-ginen tituna a wuraren da ake yawan zirga-zirga saboda ya fi juriya ga abrasion da creasing fiye da sauran karafa masu kauri iri daya.

An yi amfani da bakin karfe a matsayin kayan gini don gina sabbin gine-gine da kuma maido da wuraren tarihi sama da shekaru 70.Zane-zane na farko sun dogara ne akan ƙa'idodin ƙididdiga.A yau, ƙayyadaddun ƙira, irin su ANSI/ASCE-8-90 "Lambar ƙira don Ƙaƙwalwar Ƙarfe Bakin Karfe Tsarin Ƙirar Ƙarfe" da "Tsarin Bakin Karfe Design Manual" wanda NiDI da Euro Inox suka buga tare, sun sauƙaƙa ƙira. tsawon rai, ingantaccen sassa na tsarin gine-gine.

Fitar da bakin karfe wani muhimmin bangare ne na tattalin arzikin kasar Sin wajen fitar da kayayyaki zuwa ketare, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kara habaka tattalin arzikin kasar Sin, amma daga halin da ake ciki a halin da ake ciki na cinikin bakin karfe da kasar Sin ke fitarwa, ya fuskanci juriya sosai.

Tun shekarar bara, kasashen waje akai-akai zo zuwa bakin karfe simintin kayayyakin a kasar Sin "biyu baya" saƙo, yana da babban tasiri ga bakin karfe simintin masana'antu a kasar Sin, da kuma fitarwa ne mai kyau rabo daga bakin karfe masana'antu ci gaban a kasar mu. , A ci gaban masana'antu yana da kaso mai tsoka a kasuwa, a yayin da ake fuskantar koma bayan tattalin arziki, saurin bunkasuwar ci gaba, ya kamata a ci gaba da bunkasa masana'antar sarrafa bakin karfe a kasarmu, da kyautata ingancin kayayyaki, da inganta harkokin ciniki a ketare, da yaki da kariyar ciniki. samfurori da kariyar muhalli, albarkatun makamashi, yanayin ɗan adam, haɓaka gasa na samfuran bakin karfe, ta wannan hanyar kawai za a iya samun matsayi mara kyau a cikin kasuwancin waje.