1. Matsayin samarwa
Lokacin da aka shimfiɗa karfe ko samfurin, lokacin da damuwa ya wuce iyakar ƙididdiga, ko da danniya bai karu ba, karfe ko samfurin yana ci gaba da fuskantar nakasar filastik a fili, wanda ake kira samar da abinci, da ƙananan ƙimar damuwa lokacin da abin da ya faru ya faru. shine don ma'anar yawan amfanin ƙasa.Bari Ps ya zama ƙarfin waje a madaidaicin ma'aunin s, kuma Fo ya zama yanki na yanki na samfurin, sannan ma'anar yawan amfanin ƙasa σs = Ps/Fo (MPa)..
2. Samar da ƙarfi
Ma'anar yawan amfanin ƙasa na wasu kayan ƙarfe ba su da kyan gani sosai kuma yana da wahalar aunawa.Sabili da haka, don auna halayen kayan amfanin gona, an ƙayyade damuwa lokacin da ragowar filastik na dindindin daidai yake da wani ƙima (yawanci 0.2% na tsawon asali).shine ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa ko kuma kawai samar da ƙarfi σ0.2.
3. Ƙarfin ƙarfi
Matsakaicin ƙimar danniya da abu ya kai yayin aiwatar da shimfidawa, daga farawa zuwa karaya.Yana bayyana ikon karfe don tsayayya da karya.Daidai da ƙarfin ƙarfi, akwai ƙarfin matsawa, ƙarfin sassauƙa, da dai sauransu Bari Pb ya zama iyakar ƙarfin da aka samu kafin a cire kayan.
karfi, Fo shine yanki na yanki na samfurin, sannan ƙarfin ƙarfin σb = Pb / Fo (MPa).
4. Tsawaitawa
Bayan da kayan ya karye, yawan adadin tsayinsa na filastik zuwa tsayin samfurin asali ana kiransa elongation ko elongation.
5. Ƙarfin ƙima
Matsakaicin ma'aunin yawan amfanin ƙasa (ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa) na ƙarfe zuwa ƙarfin ƙwanƙwasa ana kiransa rabo-ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa.Girman yawan amfanin ƙasa, mafi girman amincin sassan tsarin.Gabaɗaya, yawan amfanin ƙasa na carbon karfe shine 06-0.65, kuma ƙaramin tsarin ƙarfe shine 065-0.75, kuma ƙirar ƙirar gami shine 0.84-0.86.
6. Tauri
Taurin yana nuna ikon abu don tsayayya da danna abu mai wuya a samansa.Yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman alamun aiki na kayan ƙarfe.Gabaɗaya, mafi girman taurin, mafi kyawun juriya na lalacewa.Alamomin taurin da aka saba amfani da su sune taurin Brinell, taurin Rockwell da taurin Vickers.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-20-2022